Chapter 45: The Ancestors of Porthos. Classic Literature VideoBook with synchronized text, interactive transcript, and closed captions in multiple languages. Audio courtesy of Librivox. Read by Mark F. Smith. Playlist for The Man in the Iron Mask by Alexandre Dumas: www.youtube.com
Simplifying Stair Rise And Run Calculations
When I first started my career in carpentry, building a set of stairs seemed like a complicated and daunting task. We’re not talking finished oak, curved or spiral staircases. I’m talking about your normal carpet covered straight run staircases or porch and deck staircases.
My first stair building experience sort of took the mystery out of it all. I didn’t have to do much figuring because it was a deck replacement job. All I did was save the old stringers from the demo of the old deck. In doing so it all started to make sense to me. How the stairs were attached, the width of the treads, and how high each step was became less of a secret to me.
Anyone with the courage to take on this job needs only patience, basic math, a framing square and the ability to stand back and look at the big picture.
The first thing I look at is how high it is to the top of the landing or deck the stairs will be rising to. A comfortable step is in the 7 to 8 inch range. With this in mind I divide the height to the landing by seven. If the height to the landing is 70″ then it will take 10 rises to get to the top of the landing. I used 70″ to simplify this example. Ninety-nine times out of a hundred it will be 7″ and some odd fraction. For instance if the height was 73 1/2″, the rise would be 7 1/2″.
When building stairs there is always one less tread than there is risers. In this case with 10 risers, that means there are 9 treads. When cutting my stringers, I like to make the cuts for my treads 10″ long. At this dimension I can use a 2×12 for treads without ripping them to a narrower width. This gives me a nosing or overhang of 1 1/4″. It also makes it easier to figure out how much room the stairs will require. In this case 9 treads X 10″ = 90″. The total run of the stairs is 90″.
An example of how easy this works are stairs that go from the 1st floor to the 2nd floor of a house with an eight foot ceiling. This takes 14 risers at 7 and 5/8 inches (I’ve cut so many of these it is forever imbedded in my mind). This means there are 13 treads. Thirteen times ten is 130″. I always made my stairwell opening 120″. This lets 10″ of the stringer (a full tread) sit on the deck or concrete floor. It also leaves plenty of headroom for the stairs below if there is a basement. The same well opening above (120″) also gives you enough headroom.
This can seem like an overwhelming project. Like any other project, if you take the time and patience and a little thought you can acquire the ability.
(c) 2005 Mike Merisko http://www.sawkerfs.com
Chapter 45. Classic Literature VideoBook with synchronized text, interactive transcript, and closed captions in multiple languages. Audio courtesy of Librivox. Read by Stewart Wills. Playlist for Lord Jim by Joseph Conrad: www.youtube.com
Chapter 08: At The Sign Of The Spy-Glass. Classic Literature VideoBook with synchronized text, interactive transcript, and closed captions in multiple languages. Audio courtesy of Librivox. Read by Adrian Praetzellis. To view the book in separate chapters, go to this playlist: www.youtube.com If you would prefer to watch in the 6 original parts, go to this playlist: www.youtube.com
Chapters 21-22. Classic Literature VideoBook with synchronized text, interactive transcript, and closed captions in multiple languages. Audio courtesy of Librivox. Read by Stewart Wills. Playlist for Lord Jim by Joseph Conrad: www.youtube.com
Weight loss teas are becoming increasingly popular worldwide. While most studies have focused on green tea for weight loss, there are other types of tea that can help you lose weight. Given the wide range and varying quality of weight loss teas, it’s not easy to decide which one is right for you. This is no longer an issue with the introduction of Tava Tea Wellness Blend.
What is Tava Tea?
Tava Tea is a unique combination of Sencha, Puerh and Wu Yi Cliff Oolong tea. Only the finest, organic whole tea leaves are selected to make this potent blend. These 3 types of tea have been known and used in China for thousand of years for weight loss and other health benefits.
How does Tava Tea work?
The main ingredient in this tea is polyphenol. It is an antioxidant that increases metabolism and burns fat.
One of the causes of body fat storage is insulin spike after eating a carb meal. By drinking Tava Tea within 15 minutes of consuming carbohydrate foods, it can slow down the release of insulin hormone and reduce the likelihood of weight gain.
Polyphenols also have healing properties and health benefits (see below).
This tea contains high amounts of amino acid L-theanine which regulate appetite and mood. This natural substance restores positive mood and reduces comfort eating.
Summary of Tava Tea benefits
- burns up to 2 times more calories than green tea alone
- improves oral health
- promotes heart health
- lowers cholesterol levels
- strengthens immune system
- improves digestion
- regulates insulin
- calms your mind
- energises your body
- anti ageing
Due to the numerous health benefits, it’s no wonder that Tava Tea is more than a weight loss tea!
It uses 100% organic ingredients that have both CERES and USDA organic certifications and is completely natural with no artificial additives.
You can be assured that you are getting the best quality tea manufactured according to high standards. The whole tea leaves are packed into nylon pyramid teabags so that they can be reused several times until all antioxidants and minerals have been fully extracted. No tea dust or scraps are used and no fillers are added.
The manufacturers of Tava Tea Wellness Blend are offering 180-day money back guarantee as they are confident of its effectiveness. If you are not happy with the results, you can ask for a refund.
It is easy and convenient to drink this tea. Simply replace your usual coffee, sodas or fruit juices with Tava Tea Wellness Blend to lose weight or experience its enormous health benefits.
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Dental health is important to all of us. We buy special toothpaste, mouthwash, dental floss and rinsing agents to help ensure that our smile is white, our teeth are cavity free and our breath is fresh. But, did you know that drinking tea may be one of the best (and simplest) things you can do to protect your teeth?
Well, it’s true. Tea has been shown to offer protection to our teeth. Tea is a natural source of fluoride, which is known to protect against tooth decay. This is great news for children, who need significant amounts of fluoride in order for tooth enamel to harden properly. When teeth harden properly in our youth, it protects us from cavities throughout our lives.
However, even for adults, whose teeth are fully formed, tea’s fluoride is a great way to protect your teeth. The fluoride found in tea has been shown to inhibit the growth of glucosyltransferase. This substance helps the plaque that naturally forms to adhere to our teeth.
Dentists in the UK have also reported that black tea disables certain forms of bacteria that work with sugars to form clumpy aggregates that stick to teeth. These dentists believe that drinking black tea reduces the total mass of dental plaque.
In addition, one study has suggested that green tea may inhibit the enzyme that causes plaque to form in the first place. Plaque is formed when an enzyme in your mouth mixes with sugar in the food you eat.
This study, reported by the UK Tea Council, looked at a sweet drink offered by a gourmet coffee house. This drink included sugar and whipped cream, but also included green tea. When the teeth of those who consumed this beverage were evaluated and compared to those who consumed heavily sweetened drinks that did not include green tea, the results were significant.
Even when the participants consumed the same amount of sugar, those whose drinks contained green tea did not have the same amount of plaque formation as those whose drinks were made with something other than green tea, leading researchers to conclude that green tea has a cleansing effect on the teeth.
And, for those of us concerned about bad breath, green tea may have good news, as well. Green tea also inhibits the growth of many of the bacteria that cause bad breath. So, drinking green tea on a regular basis may help keep your breath naturally sweet.
Not getting your daily dose of tea? Here are some simple ways to increase the amount of tea you’re getting each day.
Skip that second cup of coffee – Even the most serious coffee connoisseurs can usually forego the second cup if given a cup of tea as an alternative.
Make iced tea – It doesn’t matter whether your tea is hot or iced. The protective effects are the same. So, brew up a big pitcher of tea and keep it in the refrigerator for serving at and between meals.
Grab a bottle – Today, major tea manufacturers offer green tea bottled like soda. This is a delicious replacement for your daily soda, and is far healthier.
Carry tea bags – Carry tea bags in your purse or suit case. This makes it easy to have your favorite tea anywhere that hot water is available.
Wind down in the evening. Many people avoid tea in the evening, because they fear the caffeine will inhibit sleep. However, both black and green teas are lower in caffeine than coffee, with green tea having less caffeine than black. In addition, the caffeine in tea doesn’t seem to cause jitters the way coffee and soda can. So, tea is a great way to wind down in the evening, most likely without interrupting your sleep.
Green or Black?
If you’re wondering whether you should be drinking green tea or black tea, you’re asking a good question. Both are healthy, but there are significant differences between the two.
Black tea is fermented during processing, which changes the natural anti-oxidant compounds. While black tea does contain anti-oxidants, and does offer many healthful benefits, those natural, unfermented anti-oxidant compounds in green tea are healthier.
Research has shown over and over that green tea’s anti-oxidants have significant power to protect health. Green tea has been shown to prevent cancer, heart disease and Alzheimer’s disease and to help reduce premature aging.
So, while black tea is definitely good for you, and is protective to your teeth, for the maximum overall health benefits, get your daily dose of green tea. Many scientists today suggest that for the maximum benefit to your dental health, you combine the two. Both are delicious and refreshing, making a wonderful drink any time of day. It may be one of the simplest ways you can protect your health – and your smile.
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Vintage tea towel is popular these days because people have become quite aware of the latest innovations and trend following throughout the world. Vintage tea towel is an item which was not widely used in old days as people like to use the ordinary towels even in kitchens and they do not have enough information about it. Vintage tea towel has gained importance these days because it is not only colorful decorative but also an essential item of the house.
Vintage tea towel makes your house looks elegant and stylish at the same time, moreover it is widely used for kitchens or dining tables or for tea tables. Vintage tea towel is beneficial for many aspects, many ladies or even men do not wear tea towel while making tea or coffee this makes their clothes stainful afterwards. You should be careful while wearing new clothes and avoiding to wear vintage tea towel.
Vintage tea towel can be used for gifts
Vintage tea towel can be widely for giving gifts to your buddies or a newly married couple. Vintage tea towel is most of the time used for making presents to your loved ones, when someone has shifted to a new house or when you have to go for the wedding anniversary of your friend. Thus vintage tea towel is readily gifted to the people throughout the world on different occasions.
How to buy vintage tea towel?
Vintage tea towel can be bought easily throughout the world, you can even buy it by sitting at home or you can go to the markets for purchasing this vintage tea towel. Vintage tea towel is easy, quick, effortless and simple to buy by making few clicks from your mouse and adopting the online routes.
Online websites would guide you to the online stores which would be quite beneficial and reliable; you can place the order to the online store and then wait for the home delivery option. On the other hand visiting the markets and checking the material of the tea towel is also liked by few individuals which are called a manual route follower.
Vintage tea towel is in different types
Well it’s true you can find a huge variety of vintage tea towel in the market, there are lots of colors, shapes, styles and designs present in the towels. Some of the vintage tea towel is quite expensive while most of them are not
Vintage Tea Towel
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